A Data Integrity Issue - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 951 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Integrity Essay Did you like this example? Internet is backbone for data storage, access and transfer. According to some reports and IBM confirmed that information transfer and data generation has increased, in 2018 alone 2.5 quintillion bytes of data is being generated daily across multiple devices all connected through internet (Marr, 2018). So, considering this huge data accessed across multiple devices, data being the valuable resource for government and other organization to perform, which add more vulnerable access points. Data integrity means making sure the validity, accuracy and trustworthiness of the information is maintained throughout the data lifecycle. Protecting data against the breaches and attacks is the utmost importance, to maintain and ensure customer trust in the business. Improperly maintaining and handling huge data is also considered risk when exposed to several factors including software bugs, human error, virus, provisioned access to the database. Data manipulation is one of the major risks involved during data breaches. Incorrect data reduces the efficiency and also decreases the confidence on that organization. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Data Integrity Issue" essay for you Create order The ultimate goal for a data breach can be data manipulation, to compromise the accuracy of the data rendering it useless and introducing fabricated events doubting very existence of reality. The industries which are badly traumatized with these breaches belong to all domains communication or social media, healthcare financial institutions, military, utilities, technology, transportation, etc,. Though data breaches are inevitable and often happen, but it matters how much information is compromised during the attack. Just consolidating, data breached in 2015, shows that more than 100 million patient records are compromised in the data breach. Healthcare is highly susceptible for the data breaches because the nature of data sensitivity. Accuracy in patients record is highly required, Think of a situation where patients medical events have been partially or fully modified. So a patient record with a chronic illness has been modified to a common flu and is treated accordingly or it can be vice versa. That could lead to serious issues w.r.t patients health stats and could lead to disastrous event. Major responsible lies with the healthcare/hospitals to deploy strong defense systems against these kinds of attacks. According to the reports, yahoo was one of the biggest and topmost data breaches occurred in the 21 century which accounts to more than 3 billion user accounts being stolen. The hackers obtained information about emails, passwordencrypted or unencrypted, security questions. Imagine the hacker had the information and could use that to change linked accounts for example, bank accounts notification to the email, utility bills, credit cards, etc,. Though the company had little to disclose about the data integrity during the breach, it was hit with class action lawsuit which costed company millions to pay for and also offered its customer with free monitoring services. [2] Not only the above mentioned communication and health care, all part of the industries are exposed to some or other kinds of attacks including defence, utilities, transportation, technology and education. Defense is critical part of maintaining secure environment of a country. Based on a news article posted on December, 2017, states that US DoD (Department of defense) critical intelligence data has been compromised due to data breach. Information leak corresponds to intelligence data gathered on US military and political leaders [4]. Consider, If any of those secret records or data is manipulated which are used for strategic decision making, how efficient would that be considered, when data accuracy is unknown because of the system breach and that couldnt be verified due to the fact that its highly sensitive and confidential in nature. This could lead to serious escalation in the global community or state wide chaos. Even the companies which provide security services against threats for web based application did fall for data breach, VeriSign never disclosed the attack but based on the some reports that company did had a data breach in 2010 and its still unclear how much hackers gained access to privileged systems and information[2]. The risk factor in any domain is much larger when it carries more sensitive data. Data attacks tend to increase in recent years showing a trend that most of these data attacks are sort out based on the calculated monetary value of the data, multiplication factor between sensitivity, demand and risk factor. Hackers demand ransom through crypto currency (bitcoin) to decrypt the data but its always uncertain how much data is accurate. These attacks cannot be totally avoided but cybersecurity agencies are making efforts to secure data to make sure the data integrity is not lost in those attacks. Few ways to reduce the risk of data integrity would be: Reduce human errors during registering data. Audits regular audit to verify and ensure security systems are in complaint with the industry standards. Electronic data audit with time stamp as a digital signature would be a flag to ensure when the data was modified. Encryption Though encryption is not an efficient concept when comes to the data integrity. The encrypted data can be decrypted modified and encrypted. Which does prove a valid method? But, moderate level of security is never unnecessary. Limited access enforcing limited access to the data. Monitoring services these application doesnt prevent but at least monitor the records for any changes and notifies the consumer. Update and patching regular update and patching will ensure better protection from recent or known security threats. Backup All IT companies opt for data backup. Which will ensure better assessment of the data integrity loss before after the cyber-attacks? Though these are always hosted in a remote location for better management of resources. Governments and organizations are combining efforts (monetarily, technical manpower, etc.,) to provide secure data environment, but its very unclear how many years would that take for implementation based on the rapidly changing technological developments.

What Is the Heaviest Noble Gas

Which noble gas is the heaviest or most dense? Usually, the heaviest noble gas is considered to be radon, but some sources cite xenon or element 118 as the answer. Heres why. Noble gas elements are mostly inert, so they tend not to form compounds. So, the easiest way to find the answer to which noble gas is the heaviest or most dense is to find the element in the group with the highest atomic weight. If you look at the noble gas element group, the last element and the one with the highest atomic weight is element 118 or ununoctium, but (a) this element has not been officially verified as discovered and (b) this is a man-made element that doesnt exist in nature. Thus, this element is more of a theoretical answer than a practical answer. So, moving up to the next heaviest noble gas, you get radon. Radon does exist in nature and is an extremely dense gas. Radon has a density of around 4.4 grams per cubic centimeter. Most sources consider this element to be the heaviest noble gas. The Case for Xenon The reason xenon might be considered by some people to be the heaviest noble gas is that it can, under certain conditions, form the Xe-Xe chemical bond of Xe2. There is no stated value for the density of this molecule, but it would presumably be heavier than monatomic radon. The divalent molecule is not the natural state of xenon in the Earths atmosphere or crust, so for all practical purposes, radon is the heaviest gas. Whether Xe2 is found elsewhere in the solar system remains to be seen. The best place to start the search might be Jupiter, which contains a significantly higher amount of xenon than Earth and has much higher gravity and pressure.

The Rape Kits Should Not Be Tested - 1164 Words

Why Backlogged Rape Kits Should Not Be Tested Imagine being an overworked investigator. More and more cases flood the desks of everyone, even though they are already pushed to their breaking point. Each person tries to handle each case that comes in, but some of these cases have no hope of ever becoming trials. Should not those cases be dropped, so investigators can focus on current cases that need immediate attention? This scenario ensues everyday in not only the offices of police and investigators, but also forensic laboratories. Even though this situation happens presently, it does not have to continue in severity, and not testing backlogged rape kits will halt this scenario from becoming worse. Backlogged rape kits should not be tested due to the massive amount of burdens and the insignificant amount of benefits that would arise as a result of having all backlogged rape kits tested. Testing all backlogged rape kits (also known as sexual assault kits) places colossal burden on government employees. Analyzing all untested rape kits stresses forensic laboratories. Ritter states that, â€Å"the demand for DNA testing continues to outstrip the capacity† (40). This information portrays that forensic laboratories that test DNA found in rape kits cannot handle any more kits, since the laboratories already have too much genetic information to test. Because the labs already have a tremendous amount of DNA to test, adding to that amount will only stress workers. Since theShow MoreRelatedIs Rape Serious? : Rape1453 Words   |  6 PagesBrettin Linder Miss Windish English II 2 October 2017 Is Rape Serious? Imagine a young women going to a party and having a good time; yes, she may be drinking a little too much, but she’s just trying to have fun. She sees one of her classmates, a boy who’s in a couple of her classes, and he makes his way over to her. They start to dance and have fun, when all of a sudden he pulls her into one of the bathrooms in the house. She keeps telling him no, that she doesn’t want to do this, but he’s notRead MoreLack Of Rape Kits On College Campuses Essay1598 Words   |  7 Pages Lack of Rape Kits on College Campuses A Senior Project Research Paper Presented to the Faculty of Waiakea High School In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Senior Project Shania M. Rapoza Public Services Academy Capstone Mr. Joel Wagner-Wright August 23, 2016 Shania Rapoza Joel Wagner-Wright PSA Capstone 23 August 2016 Words: 1273 Lack of Rape Kits on College Campuses â€Å"What is the point of having a national DNA database, if the rapist s DNA is never entered into it?† (â€Å"PatternRead MoreCongratulations You Have Been Accepted To College. These1353 Words   |  6 Pages205 reported and 0 expulsions. If a student is to cheat or plagiarize the days for expulsion would be increasingly larger than those of rape. Perpetrators are raping fellow students and getting a slap on the wrist or even worse an â€Å"ada boy† and nothing is getting done. Until students from University of Carolina began doing research after becoming victims of rape it was common for the female to get blamed for the occurrence. In the horrific aftermath of their assaults, the victims described symptomsRead MoreAn Epidemic Of Sexual Assaults Across The Nation1492 Words   |  6 PagesIn most recent years there has been an epidemic of sexual assaults across the nation. In the United States alone, a rape occurs every 6.2 minutes resulting in 1 out of every 5 women as well as 1 out of every 71 men being sexually assaulted or raped in their lifetime. This problem has been something that has been hushed for many years affecting the lives of the victims for a lifetime. We the nation need to take a stand to teach our young men and women that it is inappropriate to violate a person’sRead MoreSolving Cases with Forensic DNA Analysis975 Words   |  4 Pagesbeing analyzed, scientists focus on the remaining 0.1% of DNA that differentiates one person from another (The FBI DNA Laboratory). History of Forensic DNA Analysis: DNA fingerprinting was introduced around 1986 to identify an alleged suspect in a rape-murder case (Panneerchelvam and Norazmi 22). Since then, using forensic DNA analysis has become more prevalent and has helped to exonerate many innocent suspects involved in such cases. Despite being used in only one percent of criminal cases, DNARead MorePsychological Motive For Committing Stranger Rape Essay1669 Words   |  7 PagesThe four different categories included rape, concerning the sexual assault and trauma, predator, the weapons and restraint used, fury, or trauma to the victim, and perversion, specifically how the victim’s body was disposed of and found (Kocsis, Cooksey, Irwin, 2002). Kocsis, Cooksey, and Irwin (2002) were able to categorized 85 sexual murder offenders. This model can be used to later create criminal profiles depending on the behaviors exhibited at the crime scene. Behaviors, such as control behaviorsRead MoreForensic Misconduct1639 Words   |  7 PagesFish testified for the prosecution. It wasn’t until after the state settled the Willis case that they refused to renew Fish’s contract for employment (Fisher, 2014). John Willis was accused and later convicted of five armed robberies and two rapes; which occurred inside of the beauty salons on the Southside of Chicago between 1989 and 1990. Although he was in jail, five more crimes with the same distinctive patterns occurred. Though another man name Dennis McGruder had been arrested and chargedRead MoreEvidence Collection in Sex Related Crimes Essay2612 Words   |  11 Pagesgoal for every crime is to apprehend and prevent future crimes. The same can be said of sex crimes. Sex crimes include more than just rape. While investigating sexual assault crimes involve the careful approach of the first responder, other parties involved with the investigation of a sex crime, must have specialized training to handle crimes of this nature. Rape is one facet of a sexual assault, and while the act itself is usually an unwanted one on the part of the victim, it does not make lessRead MoreThe Worlds Oldest Profession1876 Words   |  8 Pagesamount of mo ney wasted arresting and prosecuting prostitutes. Legalization could additionally lead to the reduction in violence against women. Just with these pressing reasons, one must wonder why is prostitution not already legalized? Prostitution should be legalized due to the fact that it could help protect the sex workers, produce needed tax dollars, and reduce crime and drug use on the streets. Secondly, legalization would allow better protection for the sex workers. Prostitution is consideredRead MoreDna Evidence And The Justice System1224 Words   |  5 Pagesaltered her original statement and identified Frank Alan Button as her rapist. During the trial, no DNA evidence was used. A rape kit was prepared and intimate swabs were obtained from the victim. These tests revealed the presence of sperm, but failed to provide a conclusive DNA profile. The victim’s sheets and pillowcases were also sent to the lab, however, they were never tested. Following his conviction, Button appealed based on the absence of scientific evidence. Following his appeal, DNA testing

Who Manipulates the Music Industry free essay sample

When a song gains widespread popularity, there Is typically little inquiry regarding why the song successfully hit the mainstream charts. The general public normally assumes that the song possesses general qualities that somehow merit noticeable recognition. Some listeners might point out that the song became a hit because of its good rhythm, while others will claim that it was due to its melody. In reality, however, this might not necessarily be the case. For every song that becomes a mainstream hit, chances are that there are a countless number of similar songs that go completely unrecognized.This raises a question, who is controlling the music market? The truth of the matter Is that, for the past decades, major record labels have blatantly managed the music Industry in a manner that has suited their own advantage. By employing discreet, illegal tactics corporate labels have been able to manipulate mainstream radio stations, artists, and even enthusiastic music devotees. After all, record labels are businesses aiming to foster their own growth; therefore, at the end of the day, It always comes down to stock options and the minimization of refit, not the music itself.It is for this reason that corporate crime in the music industry might be more prevalent than the general public could possibly imagine. The Recording Industry Association of America, which represents the largest five music companies In the united States, has come under significant scrutiny for using criminal tactics that aim to reduce the benefits of artists; this has caused multiple contemporary musicians to turn their back on major record labels by working independently. Report crime wealth the music Industry Is quite old, dating back to the time when cord labels commenced to emerge within the music business itself. During the nineteen hundreds, licensed commercial public radio stations commenced to develop. By the nineteen twenties, music was being broadcasted through various radio s tations nationwide, opening new opportunities for musicians to promote their work and gain recognition (1 It didnt take long before record labels came to the realization that it was possible to take advantage of the radio in order to raise their sales. If the songs of the artists they represented reached a large-scale audience, the Roth of the artists career would become secure, thus ensuring stable profit for the labels. During the mid-nineteen fifties, record labels commenced bribing disk jockeys by paying cash and handing out gifts in exchange for airplay. This form of illegal commercial bribery came to be known as the payola scandal, which generated a large amount of agitation within the music Industry. During the crackdown of the practice, numerous disk jockeys such as Dick Clark, Alan Freed, and Ernie Ginsburg were prosecuted for accepting bribes from various record companies.At the time, forever, many of the record companies offering payolas were simply independent labels that were along to flourish within the Industry, not corporate conglomerates United States, the practice continues to be used in different forms throughout the present. By finding means to evade the law, new methods of payola have evolved with the sole aim of obfuscating the fact that illegal bribes are being given to radio stations. For example, rather than paying disk Jockeys directly, which is prohibited by the anti-payola regulations, many major record labels have commenced paying music promoters large sums of money. The promoters, who serve as a third-party, then pay the radio stations to play a particular artist. This is known as the third-party loophole (3). Another example of an alternative form of payola involves the actions of global record label, Sony BMW Music Entertainment. Sony BMW was discovered to have organized faux promotional competitions in which all the prizes were given to the disk Jockeys; this was simply a sneaky tactic used by Sony BMW in order to bribe the disk Jockeys in a mildly concealed manner. This form of bribery is obviously not as flagrant as the methods that have been used in the past.In the year of two thousand and five, the New York Times reported that Eliot Sprites, former State Attorney General of New York, prosecuted various mainstream record labels for using loopholes in the law in order to violate the anti-payola regulations. Sony BMW was forced to pay ten million dollars in fines, Warner Music was forced to pay five million dollars, and Universal Music was f orced to pay twelve million dollars. According to the report, most of the money was used to fund music appreciation programs (4).Up to the present, this has been one of the major examples of white-collar crime within he music industry, which directly shows the manner in which record labels aim to manipulate radio stations in order to increase their profits. In theory, a music labels Job is to furnish the artists with the necessary tools to prosper; however, this is not always the case. In fact, perhaps one of the most controversial and disturbing forms of corporate crime in the music industry involves record labels attempting to blatantly exploit the artists they are meant to assist in the first place.Under the copyright code of the United States, artists are guaranteed that, after thirty-five years of working with a record label, they will have the exclusive ability to receive copyrights over their own work. This means artists can legally sell, reproduce, or distribute any work they ever created while working with a p articular record label. In nineteen ninety-nine, however, the law unexpectedly changed. Congressional attorney, Mitch Glazier, robbed artists from their ability to reclaim copyrights over their own work by secretly modifying the copyright code.Glazier added the term sound recordings to the work-for-hire list that musicians are expected to follow, giving record labels total control over the artists work. Three months later, the Recording Industry Association of America hired Glazier as the Senior Vice President of Government Relations (5). Expectedly, this infuriated the artist community and generated tension between record labels and musicians. As an attempt to defend musicians rights, the Recording Artists Coalition was formed. The law was eventually repealed with success after years of lobbying.Disputes between musicians and record labels are not necessarily confined within the borders of the United States. In fact, the Canadian Recording Industry Association Canada has a history that notoriously involves multiple legal actions. According to legal records, the Toronto-based association has applied to the Federal Court of Canada on multiple occasions in order to instigate various lawsuits against consumers accused of illegal online file-sharing, torrent website operators, and even small record store owners selling bootleg CDC (6).The irony, however, lies in the fact that while the CURIA takes a stand against piracy and accuses consumers of disrespecting the copyright laws, it simultaneously faces liability over infringement. In two thousand eight, numerous artists turned to the courts in order to file a lawsuit against the four major labels that are represented by the Canadian Recording Industry Association. The labels were creating, pressing, and distributing compilation CDC and live recordings of various artists without the necessary copyright licenses.Furthermore, the artists feature d in these compilations never received any payment from the illegal distribution of their work. According to Copyright lawyer, Michael Ageist, over three hundred thousand songs have been illegally used in the numerous immolation albums. In the present moment, countless artists await for their payment, varying from small artists to well-known musicians such as Bruce Springiness. The potential liability is believed to be around sixty billion dollars (7).Considering that musicians have to form organizations in order to protect themselves from record labels, it is not a secret that what is supposed to be a mutual, symbiotic relationship between the two groups often happens to be the opposite. It is not uncommon to hear about record companies being sued for attempting to bilk artists out of their earnings. Cases such as Prince versus Gaffe Records or Tom Petty versus MAC Records tend to gain large public attention.However, smaller artists, who are perhaps the most vulnerable, rarely receive any coverage outside from the independent music community. Mainstream media outlets have the tendency to Moore the exploitation of unknown artists. This is inherently disturbing, taking into account that smaller artist are perhaps the most vulnerable to corporate exploitation. Obviously, something is causing individuals in corporate record labels to engage in activities that harm the musicians they represent.Like sociologist John Breathiest points out, this type of illegal behavior can be linked to the corporate climate that exists in this society, which perpetuates a type of environment where financial profit is considered more important than human dignity. Nevertheless, although the corporate environment might encourage people to perform white-collar crime, the major problem stems from the fact that this form of crime is often unregulated, allowing avaricious record label operators to willfully perform illegal activities without fearing prosecution.Therefore, white-collar crime prevails because there is a lack of estranging forces that aim to prevent it in the first place. This type of rationale is enforced by the social cont rol theory, which points out that all human beings are Inherently criminal when exposed to the proper environmental conditions, stressing the importance of establishing modes of crime prevention in order to develop a healthy society. Studied the social control theory; they all propose that very little difference exists between delinquents and non-delinquents. Thus, they attribute the prevalence of criminal activity to the failure of primary social groups or institutions to provide enforcement for non-delinquent roles. In essence, this theoretical framework suggests that criminal activity must be prevented by strong regulation, such as punishment. If some type of castigation is applied to illegal behavior on every occasion that it occurs, it is probable that a person will be less likely to engage in criminal activity.It is clear that if corporate conglomerates in the music industry feared prosecution every time they attempted to rob musicians from their work, not simply the bigger artists, the rates of corporate exploitation within the industry would crease. Furthermore, sociologist Travis Hirsch expands the theory by pointing out that strong social bonds can also prevent criminal activity. Hirsch points out that crime occurs when two groups of individuals do not have a belief in a common value.Considering that musicians and corporate reco rd labels appear to have very different priorities, it is not difficult to understand why corporate crime prevails in the industry. This also explains why it is not very common to hear about legal disputes between musicians and independent record labels, considering that smaller labels, eke musicians, tend to be strictly committed to the music itself and thus share common values. Ere offenders who are found culpable of performing illegal activities within the music industry are normally charged fairly large sums of money.In many cases, the careers of individuals who are found guilty might be Jeopardized. Very rarely, however, do any of the people representing the music conglomerates have to face any time in Jail or prison for their crimes. Therefore, other than establishing laws to prevent illegal activities within the music industry, it is necessary to develop repetitive methods to make sure that such violations do not occur. Perhaps the most effective method to assure that the illegal operations within the music industry decrease is to decentralized the music itself.For decades, record labels possessed the abi lity to dominate the music industry by using exploitive tactics because artists were highly dependent on labels. This, however, is no longer the case today. Through methods of self-publishing, artists have discovered alternative ways to distribute their music. With the improvement of technology, musicians no longer deed to pay inherently large sums of money to record or promote their music. Social networking websites have made the distribution of digital audio incredibly accessible, allowing musicians to promote their work to the entire world within less than five minutes.Furthermore, the act of recording music is something that has become fairly inexpensive itself. Artist Dampen Rice, for example, was offered thousands of dollars to record his debut album in AIR Studios, a highly prestigious music studio located in London. Rice, however, preferred to record his album inside his own bedroom by using his laptop computer (8). The album, which was titled O, turned out to be highly successful. In a sense, this suggests that the role of record labels is slightly fading and losing significance.In fact, some of the most successful no longer depend on them to distribute their music, these labels will lose the power to exploit artists and control the music market. In conclusion, it is obvious that the laws that regulate the violations that tend to be performed by record labels are necessary. In the present moment, these legal regulations make sure that artists have the ability to claim copyrights to the work hey themselves create and that record labels do not attempt to control the music market.