Colgate-Palmolive Keeps the World Smiling free essay sample

Official Summary The goal of this RFI is to decide if Colgate-Palmolive (CP) ought to stay with SAP for their innovation framework, or on the off chance that they should search out other or new IT openings. CP needs to figure out what is significant and whether IT bolsters it. We assess the current issue CP is confronting and the future pattern of the innovation. We surveyed SAP and its rival, Oracle, to decide if CP should remain with their present supplier and what points of interest would be accessible to them from their current and other IT suppliers. CP must have a generally excellent handle on mechanization and defense. task help bookkeeping These two things being the two most normal types of hierarchical change since they are moderate changing and moderate moving. That, however they likewise offer sensible comes back with minor hazard (Laudon, Laudon, Dass, 2010, p. 483). We likewise investigated from CP, SAP and Oracle’s yearly report and discover information and articles to demonstrate our focuses. Colgate-Palmolive Colgate-Palmolive (CP) Company is a $15. 3 billion global venture (MNE) that as of December 31, 2009 utilizes roughly 38,100 representatives worldwide and serves individuals in excess of 200 nations and regions. The organization gives shopper items that help to make lives more beneficial and increasingly charming. They additionally center around solid worldwide brands in their center organizations †Oral Care, Personal Care, Home Care and Pet Nutrition. CP is conveying solid worldwide development by following a firmly characterized system to develop pieces of the pie for key items, for example, toothpaste, toothbrushes, bar and fluid cleansers, antiperspirants, antiperspirants, dishwashing cleansers, family cleaners, texture conditioners and claim to fame pet food (CP Annual Report, 2009). Really worldwide in scope, CP sells its items in more than 200 nations and domains and roughly 75% of deals originate from global activities (Colgate. com, 2010). Investigation of Organization’s Current Problems IT the board of undertakings in organization at this size can be testing. Previously, CP formed its organization into land areas and every locale arranged its own tasks and conveyed avaliable assets to fabricate those frameworks (Laudon, Laudon, Dass, 2010, p. 568). As worldwide tasks turned out to be increasingly incorporated, administrators understand the requirement for CP to have progressively worldwide coordination and a worldwide way to deal with IT assets. They have to deal with the firm from the top to down. The supervisors need to realize who is dealing with what venture and what the current status of each task is. They additionally need to guarantee they have a talented task chief who can coordination the venture while exhibiting productive assets allotment. At the same time they should likewise have a proficient flexibly chain to assist them with overseeing and designate their stock. When CP the board started to searching for arrangements and attempting to investigate the issue the have acquired they discovered they required a venture framework to help deal with the organization from a worldwide point of view rather than local. CP started utilizing SAP’s endeavor asset arranging framework in 1993. Since the main year they started utilizing the framework, CP has profited, for instance, the framework has helped CP decrease its completed stock considerably, while slicing request receipt-to-conveyance time for its 50 top clients from 12 days to 5 days (Whiting, 1999), recognizing investment funds openings has been upgraded by ceaseless improvement of globe approach program. At present formal Global Funding the Growth programs exist that offer, screen, and track investment funds thoughts in an accessible database available around the world. Beforehand, reserve funds programs have been locally or provincially determined. As indicated by CP’s yearly report, innovation additionally causes CP to play out its more noteworthy duties as â€Å"category captain† (Annual report, 2002, p. 15) . Exchange clients provide for top organizations in every class this assignment. In this job, CP exhorts their clients on classification explicit marketing thoughts that expansion customer buys. In the U. S. , handheld PCs utilized by CP’s deals power are improving marketing viability with new programming that empowers prompt examination and correspondence directly from the store passageway. Accomplishments here prompted CP U. S. to being granted Retail Merchandiser Magazine’s 2001 â€Å"Best in Class Category Captain Award† in oral consideration for promoting adequacy, operational effectiveness and showcasing advancement (Annual Report, 2002, p. 15) . The Company’s interest in innovation keeps on giving considerable returns. By mid-2002, SAP endeavor wide programming upheld 94 percent of CP’s business (Annual Report, 2001, p. 10) . SAP has just prompted critical improvement in flexibly chain execution and client assistance, and that is just the start. CP has a long history of solid execution, which originates from supreme spotlight on their center worldwide organizations, joined with an effective overall monetary technique. Dow Theory Forecasts (Unknown, 2001) announced: The stock exchanges for multiple times anticipated 2001 income of $1. 92, high contrasted with its drawn out benefit development projection of 13% every year. In what manner can an organization, with under 2% annualized deals development in the course of the most recent five years keep that valuation? By boosting overall revenues, eating piece of the pie, and repurchasing a lot of its stock. Higher edges and a littler offer base will help both profit and profit for value. Colgate controls 35% of the U. S. toothpaste showcase, up from around 31% per year back (p. 4). CP structured this monetary procedure as an approach to expand net revenue and lessen costs so as to subsidize development activities and create more prominent productivity (Colagte. com, 2010). Favorably, SAP’s programming encourages CP to improve its business procedure and business effectiveness. As per CP’s yearly report in 2001: SAP has just prompted huge improvement in gracefully chain execution and client care, and that’s just the start. Extra investment funds are simply beginning to originate from the up and coming age of utilizations now under way that encourage a wide scope of key exercises, remembering for line requesting by clients, the board of retailer stock, store rack the board, deals anticipating, community oriented arranging with exchange clients, and buying. CP has utilized SAP to grow new remarkable innovation that catches information on acquisition of materials and administrations around the globe, giving an unmistakable upper hand. Data on everything CP purchase is refreshed day by day and can be seen and dissected in minutes. An amazing business device, this detailing framework is driving efficiencies and disentanglement around the world. For instance, the quantity of glycerin details and providers were immediately distinguished and in this manner decreased by 50 percent, coming about in over $4 million in yearly reserve funds far and wide (2001, p. 14. ). In 2002, worldwide usage of the base SAP framework was finished. Critical advantages are being acknowledged as these new applications bring investment funds across numerous capacities, including deals, showcasing, the flexibly chain, and HR. These new frameworks are presently in a few territories of CP’s activities and worldwide establishment follow. For instance, SAP’s new Business Warehouse module empowers CP directors wherever to rapidly get to uniform companywide reports in numerous territories, taking into account simple examination and quicker age of their activity plans. Advantages are now in proof in buying, where normalized reports mirror their every day information on the costs of crude and bundling materials in many markets around the world. In deals, upgrade of â€Å"flash† reports gives convenient and point by point examination of the number and status of new requests (Annual Report, 2002, p. 8) . The information is arranged by brand, client nation, classification, or exchange channel, which empowers quicker and better dynamic for CP’s the executives level and abbreviates business forms all around. Another new SAP application empowers electronic obtainment of merchandise and enter prises while giving CP the upside of better money related control and following. Installment forms are turning out to be easier and increasingly effective, as demonstrated with the end of more than 20,000 solicitations every year (Annual report, 2002, p. 18) . The Continuous Quality Improvement process has distinguished numerous reserve funds openings. So as to share, screen, and track investment funds thoughts in an accessible database available around the world, a formal Global Funding the Growth program was set up. Not just that, a community oriented way to deal with recognizing reserve funds openings is supported all through the gracefully chain. The advantages of persistent improvement are to a great extent apparent in the development of SAP programming, presently a crucial instrument in dealing with the Company’s business activities internationally. The endeavor programming has been a significant driver of gross net revenue improvement, which has ascended from 47. % in 1995 when execution began, to 54. 6% in 2002, up 120 premise focuses over 2001(Annual report, 2002, p. 5) . SP’s Gross Profit edge had consistent development in the wake of executing the new framework in 1993. Net Profit Margin is a budgetary measurement used to survey a firm’s monetary wellbeing by uncovering the extent of cash left over f rom incomes in the wake of representing the expense of merchandise sold, the accompanying model is the count for net overall revenue: Gross net revenue fills in as the hotspot for paying extra costs and future reserve funds (Investopedia, 2010). We can see from the diagram underneath, their Gross Profit Margin has demonstrated nonstop develop since SAP establishment of uses from 1993 to the furthest limit of 2009. Monetary emergency influenced CP deals, as appeared in the chart underneath. In particular, notice descending development in years 2002 in Asia and 2008 in USA. Prophet Some ba

((((3)))) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

((((3)))) - Essay Example Abigail forcefulness confirmation that she has been associated with battling with other youngsters and she is additionally as often as possible discipline by her folks. Checking Abigail circumstance has demonstrated to uncertain as at whatever point instructor attempted to help her she would see that educator is additionally discovering methods of rebuffing her. This has made us to look for psychotherapist aids For the educator to accomplish his expect objective he/she needs to structure an agreeable undertaking that will think about past encounters of the youngsters. In this way, confirmation to questionable as the educator won't be in better situation to think of agreeable assignment that will cover each kid past encounters Instructors can utilize Center Ticket to fabricate Assessment choice that reflect age reasonable in both substance and the technique for data assortment and in accomplishing this educators can impart this data to families by looking to know each child’s first and second language, and furthermore their related knowledge at home. In the wake of visiting Colorin Colorado, I came to acknowledge guardians and teachers’ perception ought to be esteemed as wellspring of compelling evaluation data. The new data I leant is that Parents and instructors associations at evaluating our students help us to understanding the social and subjective of children’s advancement, and this is lively at helping the educator build up a reasonable guidance strategy to all youngsters including trying to know each child’s first and second

Improve Your Academic Writing With 7 Simple Tricks

Improve Your Academic Writing With 7 Simple Tricks There is virtually no such thing as being naturally good at academic writing. Its a skill honed over years of training, starting from your first expository essay in middle school and gaining momentum throughout high school and university. The good news is that its never too late to learn. If youre struggling with your academic writing or would simply like to improve the skills you already have, here are some tricks to get you writing better essays: Craft a clear thesis One of the biggest favors you can do for yourself is to spend time fine-tuning your thesis statement. The clearer, more well-defined and specific it is, the easier your essay will be to write. Thats because youll have a good idea of exactly what to look for. On the other hand, the more vague and broad it is, the harder it will be to research and find supporting evidence for it. For example: “Young children who are exposed to reading in their home environments tend to perform better academically throughout their education.” vs. “Reading is good for you.” For the first one, you know what age group youll be researching, what kind of evidence you need to support it, the types of academic journals you can look for to find evidence to support it, etc. The second statement could apply to any age group or demographic and could mean anything from staving off Alzheimers to alleviating depression. Its just too broad to know where to begin. Make it readable The common belief is that academic writing has to be stiff, boring and full of words that require a dictionary to understand. Actually, an essays greatest strength is in its readability. If the ideas are conveyed in simple terms in a way that flows and with supporting evidence, thats the best you can ask of an academic piece. Overusing of sophisticated terminology may confuse your reader and make it difficult to understand your thesis. Dont let your point get buried under unnecessary academic frills. But dont be too casual Though you dont want to be too stiff, you dont want to be too casual either. Slang, curse words and colloquial phrases dont belong in an academic paper. Keep the point of view in the third person present or simple past. Dont use the first or second person. Ex: “The beginning of the 21st century can be defined by the use and misuse of social media.” vs. “These days, you need to be careful who you friend on Facebook.” The first one is appropriately formal, the second one is too casual for an academic paper. Stay objective Writing an academic paper is a little bit like being a diplomat. You have to make a statement but at the same time tow the line between making an objective observation and stating a subjective opinion. An academic essay should always be objective. Blanket statements that express bias are not appropriate. Ex: “All Republican politicians are corrupt.” Thats a biased statement and an accusation. Its also too broad. Try this instead: “Widespread allegations of voter fraud in Florida districts during the 2004 elections have cast a long shadow of corruption on the Republican party.” Avoid subjective statements that include “all”, “every” and “always”. Instead use objective phrases such as “Its likely that”, “Its possible that” and “Evidence suggests that”. Quote sparingly Theres nothing wrong with using quotes. At the very least, they show that youve done some research. But its all too easy to cross the line into over-quoting. Of course it sounds good coming from the mouth of an expert and its tempting to let them do all the talking. But the essay is yours and the professor wants to read your words and your perspective on the subject. Over-quoting not only drowns out your voice, but it robs you of the chance to practice writing. And the more you practice writing, the better youll get. Be specific When producing evidence to support your thesis statement, be as specific as possible. Dont say “A lot of people use alternative forms of medicine these days.” Instead say “According to a study by the American Journal of Medicine, from 2000-2010, use of alternative and holistic medicine has increased in the United States by 23 percent.” Fill your essay with credible information. Use numbers, statistics, dates, facts, titles, names of institutions and experts. These things lend authority to your writing, making your research so transparent that the reader can essentially trace your steps and verify your research for themselves. No fuzzy blanket statements or fabricated opinions, just solid facts. Leave time to edit and proofread Probably one of the most overlooked skills in academic writing is editing. That may be because of a common ailment called procrastination. You wouldnt be the first or the last student to write their essay at the last minute, but by doing so, you lose a chance to edit. Editing requires time not only the time it takes to edit, but time in between the writing and the editing process to let your thoughts settle, so you can look at your words with a fresh perspective. By doing this, youre more likely to spot grammar, punctuation and spelling errors, identify and fix awkward phrasing and catch any contradictory theories that dont add to or support your thesis. An essay thats been edited at least 3 times is usually good to go. Make sure you leave time for this process. Theres really no substitute for it. For a helpful guide to common grammar errors, crafting an argument and other writing tips, check out this link from the University of Essex.

A Data Integrity Issue - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 951 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/05/08 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Integrity Essay Did you like this example? Internet is backbone for data storage, access and transfer. According to some reports and IBM confirmed that information transfer and data generation has increased, in 2018 alone 2.5 quintillion bytes of data is being generated daily across multiple devices all connected through internet (Marr, 2018). So, considering this huge data accessed across multiple devices, data being the valuable resource for government and other organization to perform, which add more vulnerable access points. Data integrity means making sure the validity, accuracy and trustworthiness of the information is maintained throughout the data lifecycle. Protecting data against the breaches and attacks is the utmost importance, to maintain and ensure customer trust in the business. Improperly maintaining and handling huge data is also considered risk when exposed to several factors including software bugs, human error, virus, provisioned access to the database. Data manipulation is one of the major risks involved during data breaches. Incorrect data reduces the efficiency and also decreases the confidence on that organization. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "A Data Integrity Issue" essay for you Create order The ultimate goal for a data breach can be data manipulation, to compromise the accuracy of the data rendering it useless and introducing fabricated events doubting very existence of reality. The industries which are badly traumatized with these breaches belong to all domains communication or social media, healthcare financial institutions, military, utilities, technology, transportation, etc,. Though data breaches are inevitable and often happen, but it matters how much information is compromised during the attack. Just consolidating, data breached in 2015, shows that more than 100 million patient records are compromised in the data breach. Healthcare is highly susceptible for the data breaches because the nature of data sensitivity. Accuracy in patients record is highly required, Think of a situation where patients medical events have been partially or fully modified. So a patient record with a chronic illness has been modified to a common flu and is treated accordingly or it can be vice versa. That could lead to serious issues w.r.t patients health stats and could lead to disastrous event. Major responsible lies with the healthcare/hospitals to deploy strong defense systems against these kinds of attacks. According to the reports, yahoo was one of the biggest and topmost data breaches occurred in the 21 century which accounts to more than 3 billion user accounts being stolen. The hackers obtained information about emails, passwordencrypted or unencrypted, security questions. Imagine the hacker had the information and could use that to change linked accounts for example, bank accounts notification to the email, utility bills, credit cards, etc,. Though the company had little to disclose about the data integrity during the breach, it was hit with class action lawsuit which costed company millions to pay for and also offered its customer with free monitoring services. [2] Not only the above mentioned communication and health care, all part of the industries are exposed to some or other kinds of attacks including defence, utilities, transportation, technology and education. Defense is critical part of maintaining secure environment of a country. Based on a news article posted on December, 2017, states that US DoD (Department of defense) critical intelligence data has been compromised due to data breach. Information leak corresponds to intelligence data gathered on US military and political leaders [4]. Consider, If any of those secret records or data is manipulated which are used for strategic decision making, how efficient would that be considered, when data accuracy is unknown because of the system breach and that couldnt be verified due to the fact that its highly sensitive and confidential in nature. This could lead to serious escalation in the global community or state wide chaos. Even the companies which provide security services against threats for web based application did fall for data breach, VeriSign never disclosed the attack but based on the some reports that company did had a data breach in 2010 and its still unclear how much hackers gained access to privileged systems and information[2]. The risk factor in any domain is much larger when it carries more sensitive data. Data attacks tend to increase in recent years showing a trend that most of these data attacks are sort out based on the calculated monetary value of the data, multiplication factor between sensitivity, demand and risk factor. Hackers demand ransom through crypto currency (bitcoin) to decrypt the data but its always uncertain how much data is accurate. These attacks cannot be totally avoided but cybersecurity agencies are making efforts to secure data to make sure the data integrity is not lost in those attacks. Few ways to reduce the risk of data integrity would be: Reduce human errors during registering data. Audits regular audit to verify and ensure security systems are in complaint with the industry standards. Electronic data audit with time stamp as a digital signature would be a flag to ensure when the data was modified. Encryption Though encryption is not an efficient concept when comes to the data integrity. The encrypted data can be decrypted modified and encrypted. Which does prove a valid method? But, moderate level of security is never unnecessary. Limited access enforcing limited access to the data. Monitoring services these application doesnt prevent but at least monitor the records for any changes and notifies the consumer. Update and patching regular update and patching will ensure better protection from recent or known security threats. Backup All IT companies opt for data backup. Which will ensure better assessment of the data integrity loss before after the cyber-attacks? Though these are always hosted in a remote location for better management of resources. Governments and organizations are combining efforts (monetarily, technical manpower, etc.,) to provide secure data environment, but its very unclear how many years would that take for implementation based on the rapidly changing technological developments.

What Is the Heaviest Noble Gas

Which noble gas is the heaviest or most dense? Usually, the heaviest noble gas is considered to be radon, but some sources cite xenon or element 118 as the answer. Heres why. Noble gas elements are mostly inert, so they tend not to form compounds. So, the easiest way to find the answer to which noble gas is the heaviest or most dense is to find the element in the group with the highest atomic weight. If you look at the noble gas element group, the last element and the one with the highest atomic weight is element 118 or ununoctium, but (a) this element has not been officially verified as discovered and (b) this is a man-made element that doesnt exist in nature. Thus, this element is more of a theoretical answer than a practical answer. So, moving up to the next heaviest noble gas, you get radon. Radon does exist in nature and is an extremely dense gas. Radon has a density of around 4.4 grams per cubic centimeter. Most sources consider this element to be the heaviest noble gas. The Case for Xenon The reason xenon might be considered by some people to be the heaviest noble gas is that it can, under certain conditions, form the Xe-Xe chemical bond of Xe2. There is no stated value for the density of this molecule, but it would presumably be heavier than monatomic radon. The divalent molecule is not the natural state of xenon in the Earths atmosphere or crust, so for all practical purposes, radon is the heaviest gas. Whether Xe2 is found elsewhere in the solar system remains to be seen. The best place to start the search might be Jupiter, which contains a significantly higher amount of xenon than Earth and has much higher gravity and pressure.

The Rape Kits Should Not Be Tested - 1164 Words

Why Backlogged Rape Kits Should Not Be Tested Imagine being an overworked investigator. More and more cases flood the desks of everyone, even though they are already pushed to their breaking point. Each person tries to handle each case that comes in, but some of these cases have no hope of ever becoming trials. Should not those cases be dropped, so investigators can focus on current cases that need immediate attention? This scenario ensues everyday in not only the offices of police and investigators, but also forensic laboratories. Even though this situation happens presently, it does not have to continue in severity, and not testing backlogged rape kits will halt this scenario from becoming worse. Backlogged rape kits should not be tested due to the massive amount of burdens and the insignificant amount of benefits that would arise as a result of having all backlogged rape kits tested. Testing all backlogged rape kits (also known as sexual assault kits) places colossal burden on government employees. Analyzing all untested rape kits stresses forensic laboratories. Ritter states that, â€Å"the demand for DNA testing continues to outstrip the capacity† (40). This information portrays that forensic laboratories that test DNA found in rape kits cannot handle any more kits, since the laboratories already have too much genetic information to test. Because the labs already have a tremendous amount of DNA to test, adding to that amount will only stress workers. Since theShow MoreRelatedIs Rape Serious? : Rape1453 Words   |  6 PagesBrettin Linder Miss Windish English II 2 October 2017 Is Rape Serious? Imagine a young women going to a party and having a good time; yes, she may be drinking a little too much, but she’s just trying to have fun. She sees one of her classmates, a boy who’s in a couple of her classes, and he makes his way over to her. 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These tests revealed the presence of sperm, but failed to provide a conclusive DNA profile. The victim’s sheets and pillowcases were also sent to the lab, however, they were never tested. Following his conviction, Button appealed based on the absence of scientific evidence. Following his appeal, DNA testing

Who Manipulates the Music Industry free essay sample

When a song gains widespread popularity, there Is typically little inquiry regarding why the song successfully hit the mainstream charts. The general public normally assumes that the song possesses general qualities that somehow merit noticeable recognition. Some listeners might point out that the song became a hit because of its good rhythm, while others will claim that it was due to its melody. In reality, however, this might not necessarily be the case. For every song that becomes a mainstream hit, chances are that there are a countless number of similar songs that go completely unrecognized.This raises a question, who is controlling the music market? The truth of the matter Is that, for the past decades, major record labels have blatantly managed the music Industry in a manner that has suited their own advantage. By employing discreet, illegal tactics corporate labels have been able to manipulate mainstream radio stations, artists, and even enthusiastic music devotees. After all, record labels are businesses aiming to foster their own growth; therefore, at the end of the day, It always comes down to stock options and the minimization of refit, not the music itself.It is for this reason that corporate crime in the music industry might be more prevalent than the general public could possibly imagine. The Recording Industry Association of America, which represents the largest five music companies In the united States, has come under significant scrutiny for using criminal tactics that aim to reduce the benefits of artists; this has caused multiple contemporary musicians to turn their back on major record labels by working independently. Report crime wealth the music Industry Is quite old, dating back to the time when cord labels commenced to emerge within the music business itself. During the nineteen hundreds, licensed commercial public radio stations commenced to develop. By the nineteen twenties, music was being broadcasted through various radio s tations nationwide, opening new opportunities for musicians to promote their work and gain recognition (1 It didnt take long before record labels came to the realization that it was possible to take advantage of the radio in order to raise their sales. If the songs of the artists they represented reached a large-scale audience, the Roth of the artists career would become secure, thus ensuring stable profit for the labels. During the mid-nineteen fifties, record labels commenced bribing disk jockeys by paying cash and handing out gifts in exchange for airplay. This form of illegal commercial bribery came to be known as the payola scandal, which generated a large amount of agitation within the music Industry. During the crackdown of the practice, numerous disk jockeys such as Dick Clark, Alan Freed, and Ernie Ginsburg were prosecuted for accepting bribes from various record companies.At the time, forever, many of the record companies offering payolas were simply independent labels that were along to flourish within the Industry, not corporate conglomerates United States, the practice continues to be used in different forms throughout the present. By finding means to evade the law, new methods of payola have evolved with the sole aim of obfuscating the fact that illegal bribes are being given to radio stations. For example, rather than paying disk Jockeys directly, which is prohibited by the anti-payola regulations, many major record labels have commenced paying music promoters large sums of money. The promoters, who serve as a third-party, then pay the radio stations to play a particular artist. This is known as the third-party loophole (3). Another example of an alternative form of payola involves the actions of global record label, Sony BMW Music Entertainment. Sony BMW was discovered to have organized faux promotional competitions in which all the prizes were given to the disk Jockeys; this was simply a sneaky tactic used by Sony BMW in order to bribe the disk Jockeys in a mildly concealed manner. This form of bribery is obviously not as flagrant as the methods that have been used in the past.In the year of two thousand and five, the New York Times reported that Eliot Sprites, former State Attorney General of New York, prosecuted various mainstream record labels for using loopholes in the law in order to violate the anti-payola regulations. Sony BMW was forced to pay ten million dollars in fines, Warner Music was forced to pay five million dollars, and Universal Music was f orced to pay twelve million dollars. According to the report, most of the money was used to fund music appreciation programs (4).Up to the present, this has been one of the major examples of white-collar crime within he music industry, which directly shows the manner in which record labels aim to manipulate radio stations in order to increase their profits. In theory, a music labels Job is to furnish the artists with the necessary tools to prosper; however, this is not always the case. In fact, perhaps one of the most controversial and disturbing forms of corporate crime in the music industry involves record labels attempting to blatantly exploit the artists they are meant to assist in the first place.Under the copyright code of the United States, artists are guaranteed that, after thirty-five years of working with a record label, they will have the exclusive ability to receive copyrights over their own work. This means artists can legally sell, reproduce, or distribute any work they ever created while working with a p articular record label. In nineteen ninety-nine, however, the law unexpectedly changed. Congressional attorney, Mitch Glazier, robbed artists from their ability to reclaim copyrights over their own work by secretly modifying the copyright code.Glazier added the term sound recordings to the work-for-hire list that musicians are expected to follow, giving record labels total control over the artists work. Three months later, the Recording Industry Association of America hired Glazier as the Senior Vice President of Government Relations (5). Expectedly, this infuriated the artist community and generated tension between record labels and musicians. As an attempt to defend musicians rights, the Recording Artists Coalition was formed. The law was eventually repealed with success after years of lobbying.Disputes between musicians and record labels are not necessarily confined within the borders of the United States. In fact, the Canadian Recording Industry Association Canada has a history that notoriously involves multiple legal actions. According to legal records, the Toronto-based association has applied to the Federal Court of Canada on multiple occasions in order to instigate various lawsuits against consumers accused of illegal online file-sharing, torrent website operators, and even small record store owners selling bootleg CDC (6).The irony, however, lies in the fact that while the CURIA takes a stand against piracy and accuses consumers of disrespecting the copyright laws, it simultaneously faces liability over infringement. In two thousand eight, numerous artists turned to the courts in order to file a lawsuit against the four major labels that are represented by the Canadian Recording Industry Association. The labels were creating, pressing, and distributing compilation CDC and live recordings of various artists without the necessary copyright licenses.Furthermore, the artists feature d in these compilations never received any payment from the illegal distribution of their work. According to Copyright lawyer, Michael Ageist, over three hundred thousand songs have been illegally used in the numerous immolation albums. In the present moment, countless artists await for their payment, varying from small artists to well-known musicians such as Bruce Springiness. The potential liability is believed to be around sixty billion dollars (7).Considering that musicians have to form organizations in order to protect themselves from record labels, it is not a secret that what is supposed to be a mutual, symbiotic relationship between the two groups often happens to be the opposite. It is not uncommon to hear about record companies being sued for attempting to bilk artists out of their earnings. Cases such as Prince versus Gaffe Records or Tom Petty versus MAC Records tend to gain large public attention.However, smaller artists, who are perhaps the most vulnerable, rarely receive any coverage outside from the independent music community. Mainstream media outlets have the tendency to Moore the exploitation of unknown artists. This is inherently disturbing, taking into account that smaller artist are perhaps the most vulnerable to corporate exploitation. Obviously, something is causing individuals in corporate record labels to engage in activities that harm the musicians they represent.Like sociologist John Breathiest points out, this type of illegal behavior can be linked to the corporate climate that exists in this society, which perpetuates a type of environment where financial profit is considered more important than human dignity. Nevertheless, although the corporate environment might encourage people to perform white-collar crime, the major problem stems from the fact that this form of crime is often unregulated, allowing avaricious record label operators to willfully perform illegal activities without fearing prosecution.Therefore, white-collar crime prevails because there is a lack of estranging forces that aim to prevent it in the first place. This type of rationale is enforced by the social cont rol theory, which points out that all human beings are Inherently criminal when exposed to the proper environmental conditions, stressing the importance of establishing modes of crime prevention in order to develop a healthy society. Studied the social control theory; they all propose that very little difference exists between delinquents and non-delinquents. Thus, they attribute the prevalence of criminal activity to the failure of primary social groups or institutions to provide enforcement for non-delinquent roles. In essence, this theoretical framework suggests that criminal activity must be prevented by strong regulation, such as punishment. If some type of castigation is applied to illegal behavior on every occasion that it occurs, it is probable that a person will be less likely to engage in criminal activity.It is clear that if corporate conglomerates in the music industry feared prosecution every time they attempted to rob musicians from their work, not simply the bigger artists, the rates of corporate exploitation within the industry would crease. Furthermore, sociologist Travis Hirsch expands the theory by pointing out that strong social bonds can also prevent criminal activity. Hirsch points out that crime occurs when two groups of individuals do not have a belief in a common value.Considering that musicians and corporate reco rd labels appear to have very different priorities, it is not difficult to understand why corporate crime prevails in the industry. This also explains why it is not very common to hear about legal disputes between musicians and independent record labels, considering that smaller labels, eke musicians, tend to be strictly committed to the music itself and thus share common values. Ere offenders who are found culpable of performing illegal activities within the music industry are normally charged fairly large sums of money.In many cases, the careers of individuals who are found guilty might be Jeopardized. Very rarely, however, do any of the people representing the music conglomerates have to face any time in Jail or prison for their crimes. Therefore, other than establishing laws to prevent illegal activities within the music industry, it is necessary to develop repetitive methods to make sure that such violations do not occur. Perhaps the most effective method to assure that the illegal operations within the music industry decrease is to decentralized the music itself.For decades, record labels possessed the abi lity to dominate the music industry by using exploitive tactics because artists were highly dependent on labels. This, however, is no longer the case today. Through methods of self-publishing, artists have discovered alternative ways to distribute their music. With the improvement of technology, musicians no longer deed to pay inherently large sums of money to record or promote their music. Social networking websites have made the distribution of digital audio incredibly accessible, allowing musicians to promote their work to the entire world within less than five minutes.Furthermore, the act of recording music is something that has become fairly inexpensive itself. Artist Dampen Rice, for example, was offered thousands of dollars to record his debut album in AIR Studios, a highly prestigious music studio located in London. Rice, however, preferred to record his album inside his own bedroom by using his laptop computer (8). The album, which was titled O, turned out to be highly successful. In a sense, this suggests that the role of record labels is slightly fading and losing significance.In fact, some of the most successful no longer depend on them to distribute their music, these labels will lose the power to exploit artists and control the music market. In conclusion, it is obvious that the laws that regulate the violations that tend to be performed by record labels are necessary. In the present moment, these legal regulations make sure that artists have the ability to claim copyrights to the work hey themselves create and that record labels do not attempt to control the music market.